Roman Prostitution from the Satyricon by Petronius

How to Use Italian Reflexive Pronouns

If you want to use reflexive verbs in Italian, then you have to be familiar with reflexive pronouns, too. Reflexive pronouns (i pronomi riflessivi) mi, ti, si, ci, vi, and si look just like direct object pronouns, except for the third-person form si (which is the same in the singular and in the plural). In a reflexive sentence, the action of the verb refers back to the subject. Examples: I wash myself. - Mi lavo.They enjoy themselves. - Si divertono. In reflexive sentences, Italian verbs, like English verbs, are conjugated with reflexive pronouns. Reflexive pronouns (i pronomi riflessivi) are identical in form to direct object pronouns, except for the third person form si (the third person singular and plural form).    The following table includes the reflexive pronouns in Italian. Italian Reflexive Pronouns SINGULAR PLURAL mi myself ci ourselves ti yourself vi yourselves si himself, herself, itself, yourself (formal) si themselves, yourselves (formal) Just like direct object pronouns, reflexive pronouns are placed before a conjugated verb or attached to the infinitive. If the infinitive is preceded by a form of dovere, potere, or volere, the reflexive pronoun is either attached to the infinitive (which drops its final –e) or placed before the conjugated verb. Note that the reflexive pronoun agrees with the subject even when attached to the infinitive: Mi alzo. - Im getting up.Voglio alzarmi./Mi voglio alzare. - I want to get up. The pronouns Mi, ti, si, and vi may drop the i before another vowel or an h and replace it with an apostrophe. Ci may drop the i only before another i or an e: Voi varrabbiate facilmente. - You get angry easily.I ragazzi salzano alle sette. - The boys woke up at seven oclock.A casa, mannoio. - At home, I get bored. To see how reflexive pronouns work with reflexive verbs, see a sample conjugation of lavarsi (to wash oneself) in the table below. Lavarsi - To wash oneself Mi lavo ci laviamo ti lavi vi lavate si lava si lavano Italian Workbook Exercises Questions | AnswersReflexive PronounsA. Complete the following with the appropriate present indicative reflexive forms of the indicated verbs. Io ________ Enzo. chiamarsiQuelle ragazze ________ alle otto. alzarsiLoro ________ vicino alla porta. sedersiDaniele ________ lentamente. vestirsiNoi ________ facilmente. addormentarsiIo non ________ mai. arrabbiarsiVoi ________ sempre. lamentarsiFrancesco ________ di Teresa. innamorarsi Questions | AnswersB. Complete the sentences with one of the verbs given below.chiamarsi, diplomarsi, fermarsi, laurearsi, sentirsi, specializzarsi, sposarsi Io ________ Valentina. Tu come ________?Andate dal dottore quando non ________ bene?Maria frequenta luniversità  . Vuole prima ________ in medicina, e pio ________ in cardiologia.Gli studenti italiani ________ alla fine del liceo. Poi vanno alluniversità  .Ugo e Vittoria ________ se trovano una casa. Italian Language Study Resources: Italian Language LessonsItalian Audio PhrasebookItalian Language Audio Lab Related Articles: Understanding the Italian Present Conditional TenseGive Me a Hug! Understanding Italian Reciprocal Reflexive VerbsItalian Reflexive VerbsHow To Use Reflexive Pronouns in Spanish

Media Is Considered One Of The Four Agents Of Socialization

Media is considered one of the four agents of socialization in the science of Sociology. Like the other agents (family, school, peers), the media is part of our learning to behave in society and what are the expected norms and ideals that shape our society. In the past the media was not as powerful an agent as it is today. There are many reasons for this. Entertainment media is more prevalent in our life. Thanks to cable television, the internet, phones and other electronic devices, the media is more integrated into every moment of our lives like never before. Also, the media is constantly pushing the envelope on what is acceptable behavior and norms. Our society is being redefined not by the members of the society, but rather a select†¦show more content†¦While watching violent programing, listening to rap music or playing violent video games won t necessarily cause someone to commit a violent act, being exposed to violence in any form can desensitize violence into a normalcy. Example, imagine a person that grows up with a abusive parents, the person comes to realize that the abuse she/he suffers from her/his parents is normal and can only react to it in a two of ways if they ultimately have children. They will reenact the violence under the notion that abuse is normal, or they won t reenact the violence after having learned some where during their time growing up that their parents we re wrong and that abuse is wrong. If they chooses to abuse their children under the notion that abuse is normal, the abuse from their parents wouldn t necessarily be the cause (as abusive parents exist that didn t have abusive parents, not an absolute catalyst), but will have been a contributing factor. Often abusive parents were once abused as children. Abusive parents can aid in their children becoming abusive later in life but it s not an absolute, there are many other factors to consider. Lack of a concerned parental figure is what causes problems in the youth. Personally, I don t blame music if some teen does something wrong. There s usually a lot more to blame. We are constantly influenced and bombarded with information and the thing that keeps us civilized is our morals. Violent games orShow MoreRelatedSocialization As A Function Of Media1561 Words   |  7 PagesSocialization as a Function of Media Mass media, significantly through mediums that project news and information, greatly affect what and how we learn about the world around us. In particular, television has become the outlet with the greatest socialization impact in its influence on young viewers. The distribution of information has become a part of the process by which people learn about societal values and behaviors and come to understand cultural expectations. Through entertainment and newsRead MoreDo Schools and Mass Media Contribute to Stereotyped Gender Roles in Chinese Society?1586 Words   |  6 PagesGender role is defined as the social position and behavioral norm that is considered appropriate for an individual of a specific gender in the society (Liu, 2003). Every society has its unique culture and gender role is one of the products of a society’s history and culture. It is not set up by a single person within a short period, but by countless people in the society for thousands years. Parents start ed to shape their children’s gender by dressing and naming them according to their gender soonRead MoreEssay on Our Socialization Process is Assumed through the Media610 Words   |  3 PagesOur Socialization Process is Assumed through the Media In America, women are known as the breadwinners of the family. They go off to work in the morning while their husbands spend the day cleaning and cooking, some may even have a part-time job. 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Socialization is the process through which the child becomes an individual respecting his or her laws, norms and customs (Vuorinen Tuunala, 1997, p. 45). Gender socialization focuses on how children of different sexes are socialized in to their gender roles (Giddens, 1993, p. 165; Morris, 1988; Crespi, 2003) . Four major socialization agents have been defined: family, education, peer group, and mass media. B: Body image is socially constructed:Read MoreThe Sociological Imagination And Use Essay1683 Words   |  7 Pages1. Explain what it means to use the sociological imagination and use at least one example to make your point. †¢ Wright Mills explains it as a vivid awareness of the relationship between your personal experience and the bigger society. so the way i would put it into my own words is knowing that the reason you do something isn’t the reason why another person does it. An example of this is going for a run. People can go on a run for many different reasons like to lose weight, to tone their body, forRead MoreThe Act Of Adjustive Response Of The Second Organism1590 Words   |  7 Pagesmechanism for an individual to act.However in terms of function,they have a clearly opposite one. Me is that part of a person,which alarms for how this person should react,in this sense it is his/her collective memory .) On the other hand,the I refers to the present only,it is the experiential link between the me and the social world.The I is always uncertain because one is aware of what he/she`s done,when he actually have done it,but then such awareness refers backRead MoreGender And Its Effects On Society1131 Words   |  5 Pagesfeeling succumbing to these gender roles/pressures can have a lasting psychological impact. Heteronormativity is a word used by sociologists in order to discuss the way that gender and sexuality are separated into outdated categories. It has become one of the most important ways of thinking about sexuality within the study of gender. Sociologists have argued that a set way or technique of heteronormativity has been set up, and dominates, social institutions such as the family, the world and educationRead MoreEssay on Effects of Mass Media on Society1650 Words   |  7 Pagesinfluenced by mass media. Although traditional television watching and newspaper reading are no longer as popular as before, people spend more time in front of computers listening to music and radios, reading news and information, interacting with other people in social network and watching television programmes and films. The developing technology of mobile phone allows people to do almost everything they can do with the computer. Nowaday, people are living in a world ‘saturated by media sounds a nd imagesRead MoreSocialization Is A Social Learning Process Essay1790 Words   |  8 Pagesthere is a process of socialization where â€Å"individuals acquire thoughts, feelings, and behaviors ‘appropriate’ to their positions in society† (Rohall, Milkie, Lucas, 2014, p. 149). In other words, socialization is a social learning process where one learns how to behave and act accordingly to a specific position that is deemed normal. This process is continuous throughout the life span, and is not limited to only one developmental stage of life. For example, socialization often may begin in childhood

The Political Economy of the Media in Zimbabwe - 1491 Words

The Political Economy of the media in Zimbabwe The political economy of the media in Zimbabwe is mostly centered on the hands of the government. The government has control over major media players like the public media which include print and broadcasting media. Through its control of the public media it has greatly impede freedom of expression, freedom of the press, freedom of information and freedom of opinion in the media. However, the government has manage to give some private players room to establish their media houses but these players have to dance to the music of those who are holding power through following harsh media laws enacted by the government. Hence, the political economy of the media in Zimbabwe has negative influence on†¦show more content†¦These media houses do not have freedom a media house should enjoy as they are forced to abide by what the government wants to be published, they are also forced to be unethical in their publications as they do not write balanced, clarity, truth and fair stories in t heir publications because of government or ZANU PF interference in their day to day business. The government also control the only broadcasting media house in Zimbabwe. Through the minister of Information direct involvement in operations of Zimbabwe Broadcasting Holdings (ZBH) the programs that are aired on ZBC TV and the four radio stations are pro ZANU PF and this means that the freedom that media houses should acquire are in the hands of the minister of Information. Freedoms to express what the media house feels in any situation are not allowed and there are not entitled to their own opinion as what ZBC broadcast reflects the views of a political party which is ZANU PF. The control of ZBC by the government has influenced negatively on the media’s freedom to expression and opinion (Chiumbu 2009). However, the control by the government in ZBC has also influenced freedom to information some extent. This is so because most genuine information of government programs and plans are aired on ZBC. For instance the correct figures of the diamond sells were given on ZBC becaus e it is controlled by the government were as the private media were givenShow MoreRelatedHow Would You Characterise the Government of Zimbabwe? Is It Democratic, Authoritarian or Totalitarian?1083 Words   |  5 Pagesgovernment of Zimbabwe? Is it democratic, | |authoritarian or totalitarian? | | How would you characterise the government of Zimbabwe? 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The importance of the huge post-war expectations of the general populace, and the ruling party’s deep desire to retain political power will

How implementation of Minimum Wage affect the economy market Free Essays

How implementation of Minimum Wage affect the economy market BY yuxtangol 25 Statutory minimum wage regulation was first introduced in New Zealand in 1894. Some attempt to control wages had been present since policymakers started believe that the market wages of labour was unfair to the workers. Minimum wage laws dictate a lowest hourly or monthly wage rate that employers may legally pay to workers. We will write a custom essay sample on How implementation of Minimum Wage affect the economy market or any similar topic only for you Order Now For instance, the Minionion government had set a new minimum wages rate of MS900 which intend to ensure that the basic needs of the workers and their families are met. Since that the growing debates over the imposition of minimum age policy have become a very popular topic with examiners in recent year, therefore we may examine the effects of the minimum wage by looking at the theory behind it. Diagraml shows a classical minimum wage set up in a competitive labour market. Like all other markets, competitive labour markets are modelled by the forces of supply and demand. In this case, workers determine the supply of labours and firms determine the demand of labour. The Minister of Human Resources, Mr Bananaa Yellow claimed that the new minimum wage (MS900) represented an average increase of 18. % compare to the previous minimum wage (MS757. 7), which affecting some 128,500 low-skilled workers in Minionland. But the diagram above illustrates that there will be a decrease in the quantity of from B to D, which resulting in a surplus of labour from D to C. This should make an intuitive sense that an increase of minimum wage raise the input costs of firm so that they are now less willing and able to hire more workers, while they are more people would like to have a Job because of the higher wage rate. The exceed supply of labour includes both a reduction in employment (A to C) along with the second component consisting of orkers who are drawn into the labour market by the prospect of earning higher minimum wage (D to B). In this case, raising minimum wages rate seems to be wrong as it only benefit some typical high-skilled workers but comes at the expense of those low-skilled workers (typically low-skilled youth) who are shut out of the labour markets. However, several studies and researches find that the magnitude of negative effect on employment varies across countries due to differences in labour market characteristics and the prevailing economic environment. For Minionion, while they maybe some risk on lower unemployment, this effect is expected to be ransitory and contained, given the strong economic and labour market fundamentals and proficiency. Improvement of the economic and labour markets conditions are expected to increase the quantity demanded of labour by shifting the demand curve from DO to Dl . Assuming this strategy is going to push the demand curve upward to the same 128,500 amount of the low-skilled workers, thus it will substantially shrink the effects of the new minimum wage rate on unemployment. In fact, there is a lot of arguments claimed that the traditional view of the minimum wage doesn’t hold true in real life. There is the Krueger and Card study that oncluded that â€Å"We find no indication that the rise in the minimum wage reduced employment†. (Robert,2013) Most studies find that the minimum wage policy has only a slight ettect on employment but not result in the mass unemployment predicted in the traditional view. One of the possible assumptions to explain this phenomenon is that the labour demanded by firms and the demand for the product that workers produce is both highly inelastic due to the rapid economic and population growth. Diagram2 above indicates the elasticity of demand on employment and the elasticity of demand on product. In view of the sky-rocketed growth of economic and opulation, hence the firms need more workers to increase production and also productivity to satisfy the demand and maximise their profit, even though they are forced to increase wages. Since the demand of product is highly inelastic, the firms can also pass on the increase in wage to consumers in the form of higher prices without lay off any workers. The magnitude of price increase would also be constrained by the adjustments that made by the larger firms which tend to be less affected by the imposition of new minimum wage rate. On the contrary, the Smurfland government does not favour setting a minimum wage. They believe that imposition of minimum wage policy will reduce employment in affected industries and affected groups of low-skilled workers. Hence, the Smurfland government believe that it is better to focus on the supply sides (workers), rather than emphasis on the wage setting institution. Their interventions focus on enhancing the skills of low- wage workers, thus increasing their productivity through training and development. Rapid development in science and technology boost the demand for high-skilled workers, it resulting in wages premium for more highly educated workers. Therefore, ther things unchanged, the wages rate is believed to be positively related with the education and productivity of the workers. Thus we can tell from diagram3 below, assume that the supply of labour is inelastic, while the technology advance increase the demand of skilled workers, the demand curve shifts from DO to Dl, putting a pressure on employment upward from QO to QI . And by enhancing skills, more workers meet the prerequisite for higher wages, which results in raising the equilibrium wages rate from WO to WI . Therefore in order to achieve the objectives of reduce poverty and improve living standard of workers, it is important to uarantee those low-skilled workers to undertake productivity-enhancing measures. Skill enhancement policy is believed that can improved supply-side performance and achieved sustained development of economic. It is important to note that enforcement of this policy won’t accompany with negative effects like inflation and unemployment. It improves both quantity and quality of supply and labour, make the labour market more competitive and flexible so that it is more able for labour force to match the demand. Provided training, especially for those who facing problem of structural unemployment, is expected to improve the occupational mobility of orkers. Additionally, a well-educated workface also plays an important role as a magnet to attract foreign investment flows into the economy. In order to raise the low-skilled worker’s living standards, the most efficient way is to increase their incomes to levels that fulfil their basic needs. Undeniably, in the long run, the income levels reflect the ability to produce high quality goods and services. Make no mistake that improvement in income levels and living standards cannot be achieved without expansion in outpu t. Studies ot IJ e n te Nations Human Development Programme found that the ratio of the amount of children of fficial secondary school age enrolled in school, to the amount of children of official secondary school age in the population, is higher in developed nations than it is in developing ones. ( Radcliffe,2012) Hence, invest in education and training for workers is not only benefits in increase their earning potential, but also assist us to transform into high income, high productivity country. Overall, it concludes that both policies could achieve the same goals in different way. However, when we talk about efficiency, we may find that increase the equilibrium wage rate by raising the skill level of workers is actually challenging in practice. For instance, without intervention of government, we can’t guarantee that the firms will take the right steps to increase productivity, instead of relying on the low-cost workers. Besides, skill enhancement policy require government to spend more budget on investing education, and it also takes longer realisation period to see the results. Due to the greater opportunity costs and less efficiency, it could be evaluated that skill enhancement policy may not be the first choice to reduce poverty. As contrasted, setting a minimum wage rate is envisaged to have obvious effect in educing poverty since it directly increases low-skilled workers wage rate. Firm may be encouraged to provide training to improve the productivity of workers since the relative cost between capital and labour narrows. These changes would facilitate the transformation of nations into high productivity and high income economy. We may conclude that set up a minimum wage will probably have slightly negative effect on unemployment. But with this small opportunity costs, it may boots our economy and improve the living standard of most workers. In other words, the benefits of minimum wage far outweigh the negatives. There should be a simple rule in life that if you are willing to work hard, you should be able to feed yourself. Minimum wage policy is envisaged to be a positive step towards encouraging a fairer wage structure. And other productivity-enhancing measures such as provision of training to up-skilled workers will further complement the minimum wage policy to hit its target. I believe that minimum wage policy is well-positioned to achieve its goal, with government support, as well as proper supervision and enforcement. Reterences Oganisian, A. 2013. Economics 101 : Taxes, Minimum Wages, and Why You Shouldn’t Boycott Sweatshops – TheCollegeConservative. [online] Available at: http://www.investopedia.com/articles/economics/09/education-training-advantages.asp http://www. s-cool. co. uk https://www.tutor2u.net/economics/reference/economic-growth-an-introduction http://www.bnm.gov.my/    How to cite How implementation of Minimum Wage affect the economy market, Papers

Banana Yoshimoto comparative essay free essay sample

Banana Yoshimoto effectively portrays various common themes and motifs in both â€Å"Helix† and â€Å"Newlywed†, in revealing the subconscious state of mind of the respective protagonists. Although the storylines are quite different, we get the feeling that many themes and strategies such as isolation, incredible poetic effect, and the recurring use of a helper figure used to develop the characters, are relatively interchangeable. These literary patterns allow for the protagonists to both escape the shallowness that plagues them, and bring to light the deeper meaning behind their subconscious (now conscious) struggles, especially those relating to their true feelings for their personal companions. Isolation is a recurring theme that is a catalyst for the subconscious state causing the climactic epiphanies within the protagonists of both stories. This is comparably portrayed through the blatant representation of shallow urban relationships. In â€Å"Helix†, we witness this theme of shallowness through the personal thoughts of the protagonist at the beginning of the story. In a moment of reflection, the protagonist exclaims, I feel as if my heart will stop beating, because once I know that much about a woman, it can never work out between us. (Helix, 651) Alluding to his lover, this theme of shallowness is difficult to ignore as the narrator is transparently portraying his ability to write off a relationship on incredibly superficial grounds. In â€Å"Newlywed† however, Banana uses the same approach in order to portray this theme of isolation, yet goes to quite an extreme to illustrate her character’s subconscious thoughts. The transformation from bum to beauty is a symbolic element of the story, and is supposed to confuse both the narrator and the reader at first, but it soon becomes clear that there is a deeper philosophical meaning to this odd occurrence. This bizarre intervention, in what seemed to be quite an ordinary context, rapidly changes the pacing and evolution of the story itself. At first, the narrator is unsure of himself, which ultimately leads the reader to question the reliability of his story: â€Å"I tried convincing myself that this was nothing more than a drunken nightmare. That’s what it was, an ugly duckling dream, a transformation from bum to beauty.† (Newlywed, 5) The isolation that surrounds the protagonists of Newlywed and Helix both physically and emotionally is what ultimately leads to the epiphanies that expose the underlying feelings towards their companions. Whether it is an empty train cabin, or the deserted city of Tokyo, Yoshimoto definitely seeks to portray the feeling of seclusion in order to emphasize the revelations that expose the protagonists’ true emotions. Another common aspect in both â€Å"Helix† and â€Å"Newlywed† is Yoshimoto’s use of poetic language and literary symbolism in order to develop both her characters and the story with greater depth. Despite that fact that many of the descriptions that she gives on behalf of the narrator are purely physical, and extremely shallow, it is an important aspect of both stories, as it helps lead to the dramatic changes that occur within the protagonists. In â€Å"Newlywed† for example, when the beautiful woman on the train asks the narrator about his wife, the first description that he gives, is purely physical: â€Å"She’s short, and slender, and has long hair. And her eyes are real narrow, so she looks like she’s smiling, even when she’s angry.† (Newlywed, 6) These superficial descriptions may be attributed to the fact that the narrator was in a â€Å"drunken state†, yet clearly depict him as a man that is not madly in love with his wife. By contrast, the poetic imaging in â€Å"Helix† reveals a man that is clearly in love with his girlfriend. Even near the beginning of the story, when he is expressing his feelings of uncertainty toward his relationship, he still gives this poetic illustration of his girlfriend: â€Å"She was like an evening moon, her white light almost swallowed by the gradations of pale blue sky.† (Helix, 651) This beautiful poetic image of his girlfriend is surprising to the reader, as he had just explained that he was having difficulty overcoming her idiosyncrasies. This dramatization brings the reader to the realization that the protagonist’s stream of consciousness narration is very unpredictable, yet will ultimately lead to his ability to expose his true feelings as the story develops. The author clearly likes to represent this feeling of indecision with poetic illustration as it is used several times in both stories. In â€Å"Newlywed†, the narrator vividly describes his mixed feelings toward his wife, Atsuko, during the peak of his epiphany-like experience: â€Å"For me, the beautiful, all-encompassing web spun by this creature is at once so polluted, yet so pure that I feel compelled to grab on to it. I am terrified by it but find myself unable to hide from it. At some point I have been caught up in the magical power she has.† (Newlywed, 16) Banana doesn’t strictly limit her poetic language to the story’s character development; she also uses it to depict specific moods in order to contextualize certain situations that shake up the intensity of the story itself. Coincidentally, in both â€Å"Helix† and â€Å"Newlywed†, the feeling of isolation is commonly portrayed throughout both stories with the unique use of grandiose language. This allows the protagonists to avoid any outside distractions that would interfere with the personal situations that they have to deal with. Tokyo is described as being a ghost town at the beginning of â€Å"Helix†, for example. â€Å"There was not a soul on the dark streets, save the autumn wind. I encountered this emptiness at every moonlit corner I turned†. (Helix, 651) Clearly unusual in a city like Tokyo, Yoshimoto is almost desperately taking this context to the extreme in an attempt to add an element of absurdity to the situation, and maintain a clear line of focus on the protagonist and his continuous train of thought. In â€Å"Newlywed†, she uses the same strategic language to create a context of solitude in order isolate the protagonist: â€Å"I looked around to see if anyone else had witnessed this amazing transformation, but the passengers in the neighboring cars seemed miles away, in a totally different space, separated by a transparent wall, all looking just as tired as they had moments before, indifferent to my surprise.† (Newlywed, 4) The language that Yoshimoto uses is not only unique, but allows the reader to fully contextualize themselves within the story, and fully comprehend the conscious and unconscious struggles within each story’s protagonist. The use of helper figures is another way that the author both challenges and exposes the protagonists. The most evident helper figure from both stories is the seemingly god-like character that transformed from a homeless man to a beautiful woman in â€Å"Newlywed†. The interpretation of this symbolic figure is entirely left to the reader’s imagination, yet its crucial role in the storyline and to the protagonist’s character development is indisputable. This peculiar intervention is a clear example of how far Yoshimoto is willing to go to force her characters to express their thoughts. At first, it is difficult to process what the narrator is depicting; yet as the story develops, we quickly learn that this character has a specific purpose to act as catalyst to the protagonist’s epiphany-like reflection about his life, specifically in relation to marriage. After opening up to this woman about his life, he explains how he felt about what he had experienced on the train that night: â€Å"Deep inside, I felt timid, even scared, not about my own drunkenness or fear that my mind was playing tricks on me, but the more basic sensation of encountering something much larger than myself, and feeling immeasurably small and insignificant by comparison†. (Newlywed, 12) From this, the reader is able to see that this man is clearly having a life changing experience that is allowing him to re-evaluate the major aspects of his life, including his relationship. This helper figure to the protagonist allowed him to bring out the subconscious struggles that seemed to weigh on him throughout the story. On the other hand, â€Å"Helix† presents multiple helper figures, some seeming as random and arbitrary as that of â€Å"Newlywed† and similarly allows the protagonist to truthfully evaluate and ultimately expose how he feels about the woman that he loves. The first helper figure that seems to startle the narrator does not take the form of a person, but rather a situational mind-cleansing seminar that his girlfriend brings to the table. She explains, â€Å"I guess that’s the chance you take if you go to one of these sessions. You might even end up forgetting things that seemed really important to you, things you don’t want to forget†. (Helix, 652) This seminar quickly becomes a euphemism for breaking up in the mind of the narrator, and his response, â€Å"don’t go†, unconsciously shows his fear of losing her. This ultimately shifts the dynamic of the story as he had previously inferred his desire to break up with his girlfriend at the beginning of the story. Yoshimoto also inserts a random explosion near the end of â€Å"Helix† as the lovers discuss their love for each other. Much like most of the random events that present themselves in her stories, there is a deeper meaning below what we see at the surface. This strange intervention that causes people to â€Å"[poor] into the [empty] streets from every doorway† (Helix, 654) encapsulates the unpredictability that is portrayed throughout the story, and through the narrator’s stream of consciousness narration. This ultimately leads the story to end on a note of misunderstanding and confusion surrounding the protagonist’s comparison of love to the helix of a strand of DNA. The interventions are not only incorporated to reveal and expose the true feelings of each protagonist, but also change the dynamic of each story and help maintain a feeling of unpredictability toward the narratives themselves, as well as the unreliability of the protagonists.

Organizational Structure Achieve Marketing Objectives Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Organizational Structure Achieve Marketing Objectives. Answer: Introduction The relationship between the management department in an organization is defined by the management approaches and systems that are developed by the organizational management. The term management is defined as the process coordinating, controlling, planning and organizing the organization activities to ensure that the organization is moving towards achieving it set goals and objectives. The decisional making process in an organization is explained to be relevant when the top management of an entity critically coordinate, plan, control and organize the organizational primary activities. Therefore, the organizational management has a critical role to play while ensuring that they meet all stakeholders interest before reaching out to them based on decisions and judgment they make. The study will analyze the management context of Wesfarmers with regard to the business activities and operations. Wesfarmers Limited is an international company with its main headquarters in Perth, Australia, this company is mainly operating in Australia and New Zealand markets. The company deals with the production of chemicals, coal mining, safety products and fertilizers. In 2016, Wesfarmers Limited is noted be ranked at the first position as per the revenue earning, during the year the company was in the top with a revenue of AU$65.98 billion followed by Woolworths and BHB Billiton companies consecutively(Datamonitor (Firm), 2000). Wesfarmers Limited is categorized as the largest employer in the Australia, in 2016 the company total employees were over 205, 000. The mission of the company is To provide satisfactory returns to the shareholders through financial discipline and exceptional management of a diversified portfolio of businesses. The organization missions and visions are achieved by the strong management capability to be accountable in promoting strategic development and strategic execution. Wesfarmers Limited aims to meet the market demands by providing goods and services which are based on professionals as well as the competitive foundation(Biddle, 2016). Wesfarmers is trying to maintain a sustainable business relationship with its stakeholders, they also intend to provide and ensure that employees are working in a good workplace where they can operate with limited limiting factors(Bryman Bell, 2015). The organization management is also focusing on implementing on the motivational strategic approach, the company intends to award employees for their good and outstanding performance, employees are also encouraged to take advantage of the organization program of introducing them to the business opportunities, this is also one way of motivating them. By motivating employees, their performance will improve and they will aid in the increment in the overall performance of the organization where productivity will also increase(Champoux, 2016). The corporate governance of Wesfarmers Limited is containing the system rules, practices as well as the process which are used to direct and controlled the organization. According to Wesfarmers Limited 2016 annual report, the company is proud of the systemic approach to governance, which has contributed to coherent relationship between stakeholders and shareholder of the company(Wagner III Hollenbeck, 2014). The company top management is the primary advocates of corporate governance, they are committed to providing satisfactory returns to the company shareholder as they perform to promote the corporate governance of the company to the level of interest of shareholders(Fan, Wong, Zhang, 2013). Wesfarmers Limited have complied with the rules and regulation policies instigated by ASX Corporate Governance Council's Corporate Governance Principles and Recommendations. Wesfarmers Limited is dedicated to certifying that the competition between the board of directors is constituted as part of company strategic approach to accomplishment of goals and objectives. This implies that the company is encouraging that individual who have enough knowledge, skills, expertise, experience and diversity while making the decision relating to the company business activities(Goetsch Davis, 2014). However, the company is committed to ensuring that all business activities carried out in every section are complying with the laws and regulations of any country it operates. They also focus in ensure that promote ethical business activities by acting as an example in the market, they operate under the impact of their corporate values of governance that comprise honesty, integrity, fairness, and respec(Ferrell Fraedrich, 2015). Knowledge management and E-commerce Knowledge management and e-commerce are the critical management approach which is important to any business organization. The purpose of focusing on knowledge management and e-commerce implementation is to ensure that the business enterprise is at the top level of competitive markets. Knowledge management is the defined as the systemic management of an enterprise knowledge assets with the aim of creating values as well as meeting the tactical and strategic management approach(Jeston Nelis, 2014). It comprises the essentials of initiatives, process, systems and the strategies that are used to ascertain the storage, sharing, enhancement and creation of relevant knowledge to the organization. E-commerce on the other hand in defined as the process of buying and selling of goods and services, transmitting the fund and data electronic network. E-commerce implies that the business transactions can occur as either business to customer, consumer to business or business-to-business(Cameron, S ayers, Sacks, Thornt, 2015). According to Caitlin and Fitzsimmons Wesfarmers Limited advocated its stakeholders, especially its operating units to implement the digital organization operations. This proposal was done by the top organization management was also proposed in the year 2003 but it lacks implementation process due to lack of enough digital and e-commerce knowledge. The research indicates that Wesfarmers Limited could increase its profits and revenues by $ 1 billion during 2014 financial report. Currently, the company has focus to meet the demand of the competitive market by ensuring that they implement involve their retail activities with the e-commerce services(Fitzsimmons, 2013). With the systemic knowledge management, the company says that most of it business activities and units are already having digital platforms, for instance, Coles is now trailing on the Mobile Wallet which is a digital payment system, this system allow customers to pay for their groceries using their mobile phones rather than using their cards or cash(Pfaff, 2016). One of the advantages of digital and e-commerce strategies is that they enhance better data analysis, this acts as the critical element while making decisions relating to the company operations. It also reduces the cost of operation in different section of Wesfarmers Limited(Small, Bailey, Lydon, Davern, 2013). Wesfarmers Limited is operating in a diverse market, according to Lin 2013; the environmental factors could directly affect the activities of a business organization. PESTEL analysis tool I used to elaborate on the different macro environment that the company operates. The PESTEL analysis tool analyzes six critical factors that affect the operations of a company, these factors includes political, economic, social, technological environmental and legal factors(Rothaermel, 2015). The Australian Federal government has established the essential frameworks that regulate the mining process. The exploitation of natural resources are controlled by the laws that are instigated by the federal government of Australia, this limits the company from extensive exploitation of the coals minerals(Limited, Wesfarmers Premier Coal, 2015). The economic factor comprises aspect that affects the organization financial overview, for instance, the global economic recession. Due to the global economic recession the Wesfarmers supermarket and mining activities were affected, where unemployment was a big deal to the company management. Employees turn over lead to decrease of company revenues(Lee, , Kozlenkova, Palmatier, 2015). It is a normal culture for a family in Australia to spend a lot of money in the supermarkets. Coles supermarkets are positively reaping from the families who spend more money in the supermarkets. Wesfarmers Limited sales product and services that are socially acceptable to the consumers. They sell their products and services by considering the social factor of consumers in the market(Champoux, 2016). Australia is one of the world best mining countries, the country is the best in mining resources using new technological innovations. The mining companies in the country use the most advanced technology, products, equipment and services to promote creativity and ensure that they minimize the waste of minerals and protects the environment. Wesfarmers Limited have diversified activities of mining coal, energy, chemical and fertilizers and industrial to use new and advance technology. The environmental factors are considered to be changed in weather and climate. The research indicates that major climatic changes happen due to the effects of the global warming. According to the environment protection act of 1974, any organization should ensure that they make decision that complies with the environmental rules and regulations. Stakeholders such as government relevant department are also encouraged to work with the Wesfarmers Limited while protecting the environment. The research indicates that the environment protection act of 1974 is necessarily advocated to regulate the business coal mining, it is also enacted to promote the uniform safety of the employees in an organization(Chang, Yeh, Liu, 2015). The Australia legal system and process are considered to be sound and relevant to regulate the operation of business organizations. The legal frameworks include labor law, environmental law, natural resources law and various business laws. These laws and legal system provide Wesfarmers Limited criteria to operate in the market(Chang, Yeh, Liu, 2015). Conclusion Wesfarmers Limited is a company that operates many business activities that ranges from industrial, fertilizer, chemical, retail services and supermarket. The company management context is elaborated by analyzing the critical management aspects which are relevant to the organization. Knowledge management and E-commerce are the issues that reflects the extend and degree which the top management have installed while managing the organization. On the other hand, PESTEL strategic management tool is presented to display the environment at which the company operates. References Biddle, I. (2016). The Wesfarmers/Woolworths duopoly war: The Bunnings vs. Masters battle. Busidate,. Bryman, A., Bell, E. (2015). Business research methods. Oxford University Press, USA. Cameron, A. J., Sayers, S. J., Sacks, G., Thornt. (2015). Do the foods advertised in Australian supermarket catalogues reflect national dietary guidelines?. Health promotion international, dav089. Champoux, J. E. (2016). Organizational behavior: Integrating individuals, groups, and organizations. . Routledge. Chang, D. S., Yeh, L. T., Liu, W. (2015). Incorporating the carbon footprint to measure industry context and energy consumption effect on environmental performance of business operations. 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